Did You Know? ~ Homemade Ink

This past weekend I was in Staples, one of my favorite stores. I spent a small fortune on ink for my printer. I also perused the pens, but couldn’t find one I liked. I’m persnickety about pens and only certain ones will do.

So, as I was researching a topic for today’s blog, I came across some recipes for ink. I thought about my visit to Staples and how easy modern technology has made my job as an author.  I can type a digital document on my computer, send it across the room to my wireless printer, and it will print it out for me neatly and without splotches. Mistakes are easily remedied.

But back in 1877, people used pen nibs/dip pens (or in a pinch, a feather quill). Pen nibs were metal tips with capillary channels, mounted on a handle or holder, often made of wood. The pens were dipped into ink and then writing commenced. Can you imagine writing a whole rough draft of a book with that method?

Here are some ink recipes from The Circle of Useful Knowledge (1877), by Charles Kinsley.

Common Ink

To 1 gal. boiling soft water add ¾ oz. extract logwood; boil two minutes, remove from the fire, and stir in 48 grs. bichromate of potash, and 8 prs. prussiate of potash. For 10 gals. use 7 ½ oz. logwood extract, 1 oz. bichromate of potash, and 80 grs. prussiate of potash; strain; 6 cents should buy the first, and 25 cents the last.

Black Copying Ink

Take 2 gals rain water, and put into it gum arabic ¼ lb., brown sugar ¼ lb., clean copperas ¼ lb., powdered nutgalls ¾ lb; mix, and shake occasionally for ten days, and strain; if needed sooner, let it stand in an iron kettle until the strength is obtained. This ink will stand the action of the atmosphere for centuries.

Red Ink

In an ounce phial put 1 teaspoonful of aqua ammonia, gum arabic size of 2 or 3 peas, and 6 grs. Of no. 40 carmine; fill up with soft water, and it is soon ready for use.

Yikes! That’s a lot of work, and I, for one, am really grateful for my computer and printer, not to mention pens that already contain ink.

For the curious, here is information about the ingredients:

I'm not sure what bichromate or prussiate of potash is, but I think it was somehow obtained by leaching wood ashes and processing that with metal.

Extract of logwood is a purplish-red natural dye obtained from the Logwood tree. The logwood tree is a spiny tropical American tree (Haematoxylon campechianum) in the pea family. The extract is obtained from the dark heartwood.

Copperas is also known as green vitriol and it is an iron sulfate.

A nutgall is a nutlike swelling produced on an oak or other tree by certain parasitic wasps. It’s also called gallnut.

Aqua ammonia is a solution of ammonia.

Carmine is a pigment of a bright-red color obtained from the aluminium salt of carminic acid, which is produced by some scale insects, such as the cochineal scale and the Polish cochineal.

Gum arabic, also known as acacia gum, chaar gund, char goond, or meska, is a natural gum made of hardened sap taken from two species of the acacia tree.

Read More

Did You Know? ~ An Old Fashioned Cure for Locked Jaw

That green tape is  holding the book together

I recently acquired a book called, The Circle of Useful Knowledge: For the use of Farmers, Mechanics, Merchants, Manufacturers, Surveyors, Housekeepers, Professional Men, Etc., Etc., Etc. (Yes, that’s really the title.) It was written and published in 1877 by Charles Kinsley. Over the next few weeks, I’d like to share some of the more interesting things contained therein. 

To begin, here is a cure for lockjaw.  (I wrote an article about lockjaw in 2012.)

To cure locked jaw.

Wash or bathe the wound with the tincture of myrrh or a decoction of Lobelia, which will have a powerful tendency to promote healthy action, and thus remove the cause of irritation. In extreme cases, the wound may be washed with the most powerful stimulants, such as tincture of lobelia or cayenne. Bathing the wounded part in white lye, as hot as can be borne, and afterwards apply the common slippery elm poultice, has been found of great benefit in this complaint. If the jaws are set and the teeth closed, the best way of getting medicine down is to hold the cheek, at the corner of the mouth loose from the teeth, and then pour the medicine from a spoon, between the teeth and cheek, and it will immediately find its way to the throat, and afford relief.

I had some questions about some of the ingredients listed in this cure, especially white lye, so I did some research. I couldn’t find white lye, but I found the other ingredients, including lobelia. Then I found the following information on a page about Lobelia (also called pukeweed and Indian tobacco) on a fascinating herbal site:

Externally . . .the tincture [of lobelia] can be used as a local application for sprains, bruises, or skin diseases, alone, or in powder combined with an equal part of slippery elm bark and weak lye-water in a poultice. The oil of Lobelia is valuable in tetanus. 

Sounds awfully similar to the cure above, doesn't it? 

More next week!

Read More